Tim PPLH IPB Evaluasi Dampak Tumpahan Minyak di Kawasan Pesisir Lampung Timur

Tim PPLH IPB Evaluasi Dampak Tumpahan Minyak  di Kawasan Pesisir Lampung Timur

Sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab terhadap lingkungan, Tim dari PPLH IPB yang diketuai oleh Prof. Hefni Effendi melakukan survei yang dilakukan sebagai salah satu tahapan awal dalam mengevaluasi dampak yang merupakan bagian dari upaya penyusunan dokumen kajian inventarisasi mutu laut dan pemetaan area terdampak tumpahan minyak insiden kebocoran pipa area dengan kode nama KRIP-CN1P milik PT. Pertamina Hulu Energi Offshore Southeast Sumatera (PHE OSES).

Survei kali ini merupakan ulangan kedua sejak survei awal dilakukan pada Maret lalu, area survei meliputi Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) Kuala Penet, Mangrove Sekar Bahari, Mangrove Pandan Alas, Muara Gading Mas, Pantai Karang Mas, Pantai Cemara, dan Pantai Muara Baru yang semuanya masuk dalam wilayah Lampung Timur.

Pemrakarsa kegiatan yaitu PHE OSES, Dinas Lingkungan Hidup (DLH) Kabupaten Lampung Timur serta perwakilan pihak desa sekitar kegiatan. Kegiatan kali ini dilaksanakan selama tujuh hari (16 hingga 22 Agustus 2022). Ketua Tim Prof. Hefni Effendi dibantu oleh tenaga pengambil contoh air dan sedimen serta tenaga ahli pemantau flora dan fauna. Secara detail meliputi komponen substrat pantai, ekosistem mangrove, ekosistem terumbu karang, kualitas air, biota air (plankton, benthos dan nekton), perikanan tangkap, perikanan budidaya, dan wisata pantai pada lokasi kajian.

Secara ringkas, penentuan dan pemetaan area terpapar akibat tumpahan minyak dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan yaitu melakukan identifikasi dan pemetaan sebaran area terpapar oil sheen (lapisan minyak) berdasarkan pemodelan MoTuM, melakukan identifikasi dan pemetaan sebaran area terpapar oil sheen berdasarkan survei tim penanggulangan, dan pemetaan sebaran berdasarkan hasil delineasi substrat pantai terpapar.

Kajian terhadap komponen lingkungan tersebut dilaksanakan berdasarkan kepada Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) No. 22 Tahun 2021 tentang Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup sesuai arahan dan pengawasan  Direktorat Jenderal Pengendalian Pencemaran dan Kerusakan Lingkungan (PPKL) Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan, juga dengan mempertimbangkan masukan dari Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (KKP), Kemenko Kemaritiman dan Investasi, SKK Migas, Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dan sejumlah stakeholder lainnya.

Menurut Prof. Hefni Effendi, kajian ini berisi elaborasi kemungkinan dampak yang muncul, juga menguraikan tentang upaya penutupan sumber dampak dan penanggulangan dampak yang telah dilakukan secara intensif dan kontinu oleh PHE OSES, hingga tidak ditemukan lagi adanya tumpahan minyak baik di perairan laut maupun tumpahan minyak yang mendarat di pantai. “Dengan adanya laporan ini nantinya, diharapkan pemerintah, masyarakat dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya mendapatkan gambaran yang komprehensif tentang kejadian insiden kebocoran pipa bawah laut”. pungkas Prof. Hefni.

Secara tinjauan relevansi kegiatan dengan poin tujuan SDGs, kegiatan ini mengandung poin ketiga yaitu memastikan kehidupan yang sehat dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan bagi semua orang di segala usia. Kegiatan pemantauan ini untuk memastikan ada atau tidaknya dampak cemaran yang berpotensi membahayakan kehidupan, kesehatan manusia. Kedua,  mewujudkan goal SDGs keenam yaitu memastikan ketersediaan dan pengelolaan air dan sanitasi yang berkelanjutan untuk semua, yakni memastikan keadaan yang terjadi (tumpahan minyak) tidak mengganggu sanitasi lingkungan yang ada.

Kegiatan yang dilakukan ini merupakan hal yang bersinggungan dengan poin SDGs ke-14 yaitu melestarikan dan menggunakan secara berkelanjutan samudra, laut, dan sumber daya kelautan untuk pembangunan berkelanjutan. Beberapa lokasi yang dipantau merupakan areal tangkapan nelayan setempat yang memanfaatkan sumber daya perikanan yang ada. Pada sektor perikanan budidaya, di lokasi kajian juga terdapat tambak udang. Tim mengevaluasi jika ada dari kegiatan yang sudah ada tersebut terkena dampak.

Upaya menjaga kebersihan ekosistem pesisir akan berdampak pada perbaikan kondisi ekosistem laut. Seperti ekosistem mangrove yang juga memiliki kandungan biodiversitas hayati. Mangrove merupakan ekosistem darat (teresterial) yang berinteraksi langsung dengan ekosistem laut. Upaya pemantauan dan inisiasi pengelolaan terhadap bagian dari ekosistem teresterial ini mendukung poin SDGs ke-15 yaitu melindungi, memulihkan dan mempromosikan pemanfaatan berkelanjutan ekosistem darat, mengelola hutan secara berkelanjutan, memerangi penggurunan, dan menghentikan dan membalikkan degradasi pada lahan, dan menghentikan hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati.[my]

 

 

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